In 1992, Congress created the EB-5 Immigrant Investor Pilot Program (“EB-5 IIPP”). The idea behind this program was to amass large amounts of capital from foreign investors in order to fund interrelated businesses and infrastructure projects in geographically defined “Regional Centers” in the hopes of providing the infrastructure, facilities, and capital to incubate innovation business that will grow and flourish, and thereby expand the job and tax base of economically depressed regions with unemployment 50 percent above the national average. Congress expanded the scope of the EB-5 program and enhanced its attractiveness to foreign investors by making it possible to qualify for permanent residence with an investment of only $500,000 rather than $ 1,000,000, by making it no longer necessary to manage the business on a daily basis( or even to live near the business), and by making it possible to satisfy the employment creation requirement by showing the indirect creation of jobs based on calculations by an economist using reasonable methodologies. Congress envisioned the EB-5 IIPP as an important tool for regional government development authorities and private enterprise to attract large amounts of investment capital, which they might otherwise have difficulty in attracting on the open market due to the current prevailing economic conditions in the area. For many especially those without a family or employer to sponsor them, it enables immigrant investors the independence to pursue permanent residence without reliance on a family member or employer sponsor, and it gives them the most freedom to live in the United States without being tied to performing a specific job or being tied to running a specific business, immigrant investors are free to do anything or nothing at all.